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Fantastic (magazine)
''Fantastic'' was an American digest-size fantasy and science fiction magazine, published from 1952 to 1980. It was founded by Ziff-Davis as a fantasy companion to ''Amazing Stories''. Early sales were good, and Ziff-Davis quickly decided to switch ''Amazing'' from pulp format to digest, and to cease publication of their other science fiction pulp, ''Fantastic Adventures''. Within a few years sales fell, and Howard Browne, the editor, was forced to switch the focus to science fiction rather than fantasy. Browne lost interest in the magazine as a result and the magazine generally ran poor quality fiction in the mid-1950s, under Browne and his successor, Paul W. Fairman.
At the end of the 1950s Cele Goldsmith took over as editor of both ''Fantastic'' and ''Amazing'', and quickly invigorated the magazines, bringing in many new writers and making them, in the words of one science fiction historian, the "best-looking and brightest" magazines in the field.〔 She helped to nurture the early careers of writers such as Roger Zelazny and Ursula K. Le Guin, but was unable to increase circulation, and in 1965 the magazines were sold to Sol Cohen, who hired Joseph Wrzos as editor and switched to a reprint-only policy. This was financially successful, but brought Cohen into conflict with the newly formed Science Fiction Writers of America. After a turbulent period at the end of the 1960s, Ted White became editor and the reprints were phased out.
White worked hard to make the magazine successful, introducing artwork from artists who had made their names in comics, and working with new authors such as Gordon Eklund. His budget for fiction was low, but he was occasionally able to find good stories from well-known writers which had been rejected by the other markets. Circulation continued to decline and in 1978 Cohen sold out his half of the business to his partner, Arthur Bernhard. White resigned shortly afterwards, and was replaced by Elinor Mavor, but within two years Bernhard decided to close down ''Fantastic'', merging it with ''Amazing'', which had always had slightly higher circulation.
==Publishing history==
In 1938, Ziff-Davis, a Chicago-based publisher looking to expand into the pulp magazine market, acquired ''Amazing Stories''.〔Ashley, ''Time Machines'', p. 115.〕 The number of science fiction magazines grew quickly; several new titles appeared over the next few years, including ''Fantastic Adventures'', which was launched by Ziff-Davis in 1939 as a companion to ''Amazing''.〔Mike Ashley, "Fantastic Adventures", in Tymn & Ashley, ''Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Weird Fiction Magazines'', p. 232.〕 Under the editorship of Raymond Palmer the magazines were reasonably successful but published poor quality work, and when Howard Browne took over as editor of ''Amazing'' in January 1950 he decided to try to move the magazine upmarket.〔Mike Ashley, "Fantastic Adventures", in Tymn & Ashley, ''Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Weird Fiction Magazines'', pp. 237–238.〕〔Mike Ashley, "Amazing Stories", in Tymn & Ashley, ''Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Weird Fiction Magazines'', p. 34.〕 Ziff-Davis agreed to back the new magazine, and Browne put together a sample copy, but when the Korean War broke out Ziff-Davis cut their budgets and the project was abandoned.〔Ashley, ''Transformations'', p. 4.〕 Browne did not give up, and in 1952 received the go-ahead to try a new magazine instead, focused on high-quality fantasy,〔 a genre which had recently become more popular.〔 The first issue of ''Fantastic'', dated Summer 1952, appeared on March 21 of that year.〔Ashley, ''Transformations'', pp. 48–51.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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